Medically reviewed by Dr. I. R. Ravish, MBBS, MS, MCh (Urology), Nephro Uro Clinic, Bengaluru | Last Reviewed: October 2026
Male infertility is a growing concern that affects countless couples worldwide. Finding the right medical professional can significantly impact your journey to parenthood. This guide explores male infertility, its causes, symptoms, and the importance of seeking expert help. Let’s dive into how you can choose the best male fertility doctor in Bengaluru to address your fertility concerns effectively.
What is Male Infertility?
Male infertility refers to the inability of a man to contribute to conception after a year of regular unprotected intercourse. It accounts for nearly 30–40% of infertility cases globally. With advancements in medical science, treatments for male infertility are more effective than ever. Consulting a qualified specialist ensures a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and treating the condition.
Male Fertility Doctor in Bengaluru
Dr. I. R. Ravish
Dr. I. R. Ravish is a urologist at Nephro Uro Clinic in Jayanagar, Bengaluru, with over 28 years of experience. He diagnoses and treats male infertility, including low sperm count, no sperm in the semen (azoospermia), varicocele, and hormone problems. He performs microsurgical varicocele repair and surgical sperm retrieval, and works alongside the couple’s fertility specialist when IVF or ICSI is needed. He also consults at Sagar Hospitals, Tilaknagar.
Doctor: Dr. I. R. Ravish, Urologist
Qualifications: MBBS, MS (General Surgery), MCh (Urology), Fellowship in Pediatric Urology (KLEU / JNMC, with training in the USA)
Experience: 28+ years
Fertility care: Semen and hormone evaluation, microsurgical varicocele repair, surgical sperm retrieval, treatment of erection and ejaculation problems
Clinic: Nephro Uro Clinic, 7th Block, Jayanagar, Bengaluru 560082
Also at: Sagar Hospitals, Tilaknagar, Bengaluru 560041
Phone: 88612 21822
Male Infertility Is Common, and Often Treatable
When a couple finds it hard to get pregnant, attention often goes to the woman first. But a male factor is the only cause in about 20 to 30 out of every 100 couples, and it plays a part in about half of all cases.
Many men feel embarrassed or worried about being tested. That is understandable. But male infertility is a medical condition, not a failure. Many of its causes can be found with simple tests, and many can be treated.
Your visit is private. What you share with Dr. Ravish stays between you, your partner if you choose, and your care team.
Should a Man See a Urologist or an Andrologist?
Both can help. An andrologist focuses on male reproductive and sexual health. A urologist is a surgeon trained in the urinary and male reproductive organs.
A urologist is especially useful when the cause may need surgery, such as a varicocele, a blockage, or no sperm in the semen that needs surgical sperm retrieval. At Nephro Uro Clinic, the same doctor who does your tests can also plan and perform the surgery, so you do not need to move between specialists.
When Should a Couple Get Tested?
See a doctor if:
- You have been trying for 12 months without success
- The woman is 35 or older and you have been trying for 6 months
- You know of a risk factor, even if you have not started trying
Risk factors that are worth checking early include:
- Undescended testes as a child
- Past surgery or injury to the testes or groin
- Mumps affecting the testes after puberty
- Past cancer treatment
- Known low sperm count or a past abnormal semen test
Both partners should be checked at the same time. This saves months and gives a full picture.
Signs That May Point to a Male Fertility Problem
Most men with low fertility feel completely well. Often the only sign is difficulty getting pregnant. Some men also notice:
- Low sex drive or erection problems
- Very little fluid when ejaculating
- Pain, swelling, or a lump in the scrotum
- Swollen veins above the testis, often described as feeling like a “bag of worms”
- Less facial or body hair, or breast growth, which can point to a hormone problem
A lump in a testis should always be checked promptly, whether or not you are trying for a baby.
Common Causes and How They Are Treated
| Cause | What Happens | Possible Treatment |
| Varicocele | Swollen veins in the scrotum can raise temperature and affect sperm | Microsurgical varicocele repair in suitable men |
| Blockage | Sperm are made but cannot get out, often after infection or injury | Surgical sperm retrieval for use with ICSI |
| Low sperm production | The testes make few or no sperm | Hormone treatment in some men, or surgical sperm retrieval |
| Hormone problems | Low levels of the hormones that drive sperm production | Medicines to correct the hormone balance |
| Retrograde ejaculation | Semen flows back into the bladder | Medicines, or collecting sperm from urine |
| Erection or ejaculation problems | Sex or ejaculation is difficult | Medicines, counselling, or other treatments |
| Genetic causes | Changes in chromosomes or genes affect sperm | Genetic counselling and sperm retrieval where possible |
| Lifestyle factors | Smoking, alcohol, heat, some medicines, excess weight | Changes to daily habits and medicines |
How Male Infertility Is Diagnosed
At Nephro Uro Clinic, diagnosis is done step by step. The aim is to find a cause that can be treated, not just to describe the semen result.
1. Your history. Dr. Ravish will ask how long you have been trying, about past illnesses, surgeries, and medicines, your sexual health, and habits like smoking and alcohol.
2. Examination. A short, private examination checks the size and feel of the testes and looks for a varicocele.
3. Semen analysis. This is the key test. It measures the amount of semen, the number of sperm, how well they move, and their shape. Because results vary, it is usually repeated at least once.
4. Hormone tests. A blood test checks testosterone, FSH, LH, and sometimes prolactin. These show how well the body is signalling the testes to make sperm.
5. Scrotal ultrasound. A painless scan can check the testes and confirm a varicocele.
6. Further tests when needed. Genetic tests are advised when the sperm count is very low or no sperm are found. A urine test after ejaculation can check for retrograde ejaculation.
Before a semen test: Avoid ejaculation for about 2 to 5 days before the sample, unless your doctor tells you otherwise.
What Is a Normal Semen Analysis?
The World Health Organization gives reference values for semen tests. A result below one of these numbers does not mean you cannot father a child. It means that area needs a closer look.
| Measure | WHO 2021 Lower Reference Value |
| Semen volume | 1.4 mL |
| Sperm concentration | 16 million per mL |
| Total sperm count | 39 million per sample |
| Total movement (motility) | 42% |
| Forward movement (progressive motility) | 30% |
| Normal shape (morphology) | 4% |
Dr. Ravish will explain your report in plain words and tell you what it means for your chances.
Treatment Options
Lifestyle Changes
Stopping smoking, cutting down alcohol, reaching a healthy weight, and avoiding heat to the scrotum, such as laptops on the lap or long hot baths, can help sperm health. New sperm take about 3 months to develop, so changes take time to show.
Medicines and Hormone Treatment
Some hormone problems can be treated with medicines that help the testes make more sperm.
Important: Testosterone injections, gels, and gym supplements can lower sperm production, sometimes to zero. If you are trying for a baby, do not start testosterone without speaking to your doctor.
Microsurgical Varicocele Repair
A varicocele is a group of swollen veins in the scrotum. It is one of the most common treatable causes of male infertility.
Dr. Ravish performs varicocele repair using a microscope. This lets the surgeon tie off the problem veins while protecting the artery and the lymph vessels.
Repair is mainly advised for men whose varicocele can be felt on examination and who have abnormal semen results. Improvement in the semen is usually checked 3 to 6 months after surgery.
Surgical Sperm Retrieval
When no sperm are found in the semen (azoospermia), sperm can often still be found in the testis or the tube behind it. They can be collected with a needle or a small operation, depending on the cause.
The sperm are then used for ICSI, where a single sperm is placed into an egg in the laboratory. Dr. Ravish will explain which method suits your situation.
Treatment for Erection and Ejaculation Problems
Erection problems can make it hard to conceive. Treatment depends on the cause and can include medicines and, for men who do not respond to other treatments, surgical options such as penile implants.
Working with Your Fertility Centre
Some couples need help from assisted reproduction, such as IUI, IVF, or ICSI. Dr. Ravish treats the male side and works alongside the couple’s fertility specialist, so both partners’ care fits together.
Why Couples Choose Nephro Uro Clinic
- One doctor from start to finish. The same urologist sees you, explains your tests, and performs surgery if needed.
- Surgical care for male infertility. Microsurgical varicocele repair and sperm retrieval are part of the clinic’s regular work.
- A private setting. Consultations are one to one, and your partner is welcome to join.
- Clear explanations. You leave knowing what your results mean and what the next step is.
- Easy to reach. The Jayanagar clinic serves patients from across South Bengaluru, including JP Nagar, Banashankari, Basavanagudi, and Tilaknagar.
About Dr. I. R. Ravish
Dr. Ravish has practised urology for over 28 years. He completed his MS in General Surgery and MCh in Urology, followed by a fellowship in pediatric urology through KLE University and JNMC, with training in the USA. He has served as Assistant Professor and Professor of Urology and has published research in national and international journals.
His recognition includes a Best Paper Award at the World Congress of Endourology in Seoul, South Korea, and appreciation from the Ministry of Health, Somalia, for operating on 2,000 patients free of charge.
What to Expect at Your First Visit
Bring any past semen reports, blood tests, scans, and a list of your medicines. If your partner has had fertility tests, bring those too.
The first visit is a conversation and a short examination. Dr. Ravish will then suggest the tests you need and explain why. Most couples leave with a clear plan for the next few weeks.
How to Reach Us
Nephro Uro Clinic 34, Ground Floor, 31st A Cross Road, 7th Block, Jayanagar, Bengaluru 560082
Sagar Hospitals 44/54, 30th Cross, Tilaknagar, Bengaluru 560041
Phone: 88612 21822 Emergency: 82776 74213
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